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Labour's claim that nuclear energy is a zero-carbon option is ridiculous

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Published Date: 21 January 2008
David McEwan Hill (Letters, 15 January) sums up the nuclear energy debate.
Despite the fact that the SNP decided as an election pledge that a non- nuclear future for Scotland was in the best interests of the environment and the public, Labour in Westminster claims this is just a political stunt.

In 2002, the pro-nucl
ear lobby launched a scathing attack on the then Scottish Executive's proposals to increase the use of renewable energy, knowing the only hope for nuclear power was to kill off research and development into renewable energy. Has Labour in Scotland forgotten this?

Knowing that nuclear is uneconomic and unsafe and requires non- renewable fuel has no future in any case, New Labour, aided by a desperate pro-nuclear lobby, has resorted to a "no carbon emissions" argument for nuclear power. This is about as convincing as its "weapons of mass destruction" argument for the Iraq war. The emissions may be no-carbon, but taking into account building, maintaining, protecting and decommissioning the stations, extracting, transporting, protecting and enriching the uranium, then processing, transporting and protecting the spent fuel and constructing, maintaining and protecting the storage vaults forever, nuclear power is about as carbon-neutral as 1950s coal-fired power stations.

There are various fundamental aspects of energy use we need to address, namely reducing our energy needs, concentrating on renewable sources and encouraging smaller, decentralised, community-owned or household generation, which would release us from the financial grip of large, privately owned utility companies.

Not only is the pro-nuclear argument flawed, but any reliance on it as a solution lessens the impetus to develop clean, renewable, safe and decentralised solutions. We have the best tidal and offshore wind resources in Europe and we should all be grateful that the Scottish Government – supported by the Greens and Lib Dems, public opinion and every environmental group in the country – is determined to go down the non-nuclear route. New Labour will hopefully wake up and realise we need nuclear power about as much as we needed super-casinos.

IAN HENDRY, Craiglockhart Gardens, Edinburgh

The announcement by the Scottish Government of a-non nuclear energy generation strategy is to be welcomed for another reason – we have no Scottish source of uranium. With the exception of Canada, most uranium is found in countries where the regime is not always stable. In Canada, supplies are getting more difficult due to geological conditions.

With the increase in nuclear plants in the developing world, the demand for uranium is increasing and it is a finite source. It would be embarrassing and economically disastrous if, at some point, nuclear power stations were to have to close due to lack of supplies.

Scotland has wind resources and our large coastline is ideal for tidal power.

With modern controls we can tap much smaller river supplies for hydro-power. Combined heat and power is almost 100 per cent efficient (around three to six times the efficiency of other generating sources) and, consequently, when powered by bio-fuels, needs a much smaller supply than conventional schemes.

The Scottish Government should benefit in two ways, firstly from a stable, widespread generating base (rather than having all our watts in one basket) and, second, if we develop these technologies here we can export them, bringing in revenue .

BRUCE D SKIVINGTON, Stapeley Avenue, Edinburgh



Page 1 of 1

  • Last Updated: 20 January 2008 8:44 PM
  • Source: The Scotsman
  • Location: Edinburgh
 
1

Unimpressed one,

21/01/2008 08:28:20
#1 and #2 demonstrate why all decisions pertaining to power generation should be left with engineers and not armchair 'experts'.
2

frank mcbride,

lusitania 21/01/2008 09:26:36
#3.

Extremely UNimpressed!
3

Alternative (High Octane) Fuel Head,

Edinburgh 21/01/2008 09:46:51
#1: Unimpressed One:

Agreed.

Anyone who spouts off about the burning of hydrocarbons emitting "carbon" and then goes on about things being "carbon neutral" clearly does not understand the first thing about the combustion process, let alone the processes and materials concerning nuclear reactions.
4

ARP,

Scotland 21/01/2008 09:50:49
The discussions about future energy supplies for Scotland reinforce my view that, as a country, the standards of education on matters scientific, technical and financial are deplorably low. The approach to energy engineering and economics is crofter quality and reflects unbelievable ignorance of the laws of thermodynamics and those that influence market forces.

In the minds of many political leaders, school teachers and the population as a whole, there are knowledge gaps that will prove fatal to our economic and political future. Follow the leads of the first two contributors, and we shall, within a decade, become impoverished by the prices we shall have to pay others for energy.

Once we were world leaders in nuclear technology as we were in heavy engineering such as ship building; now, by ignorance and neglect, we are followers of those enterprising enough to pick up where we left off. And we shall pay for it through the nose.
5

Mikey,

21/01/2008 10:00:45
Can someone tell me if the minig of uranium is carbon neutral? Is the transporation of uranium carbon neutral? Is the processing of uranium into a usable substance carbon neutral? And lastly, what is the estimated amount of uranium still left in the ground?
6

Alternative (High Octane) Fuel Head,

Edinburgh 21/01/2008 10:29:35
I'd love to Mikey.... If you will firstly be good enough to explan precisely what you mean by the term "carbon neutral".
7

Greenheatman,

TAIN 21/01/2008 10:55:27
There is no hope of reducing CO2 emissions by going down the route of uploading dribs and drabs of electricity from wind and marine turbines in a random manner. Spinning reserve will still need to be there in the background to pick up the slack when the wind stops blowing or the tide stops ebbing and flowing.

Yes, we have all heard the apologists' tripe about fossil fuel stations have to shut down too for maintenance but a fossil fuel station has a capacity factor of 90%+ and supplies 'firm' base load power - clearly the current crop of unimaginative intermittent renewables does not!

Tidal is a bit of a no-brainer because during Neaps the shaft power developed is about one eighth of the power available during Springs

Wind is a pathetic bit of engineering, and here I use the term loosely, and has no long term future with the way that it is configured at present.

Of course, the intellect of your average poster cannot see beyond the arm rests of their armchairs - on poster actually thought that splitting the atom made electricity and that, wait for it, hot water was a 'side effect'

The trouble is that this kind of ill-informed drivel is believed by people who do not know the difference between a MWh and a kW!

The answer is to store green energy before it is converted to electricity. Grid quality electricity is then generated from storage NOT the resource.

8

,

21/01/2008 11:04:29
Comment Removed By Administrator
Reason:
9

WJohn,

21/01/2008 11:10:00
Carbon neutral means that there is exactly the same quantity of carbon before the process as after.
This is generally true with every chemical reaction.
This is not true with nuclear fission where there definitely is less of the fuel element after use.
10

Alternative (High Octane) Fuel Head,

Edinburgh 21/01/2008 11:17:13
"...actually thought that splitting the atom made electricity and that, wait for it, hot water was a 'side effect'..."

I bet he or she was also banging on about the burning of fossil fuels emitting "carbon" and also about "carbon footprints" and other meaningless "in" phrases.

For the record, here is my definition of these terms:-

Carbon: A black, brittle, solid, normally found as the main constituent of charcoal.

Carbon Footprint: A black mark shaped like the sole of a shoe, usually to be found in a prominent position on a light-coloured carpet. Most commonly caused by the wearer of the said shoe having trodden in the ashes from a bonfire. Usually found in multiples due to the wearer having walked across the floor.

Carbon Neutral: A vehicle gearbox whose casing is made out of carbon fibre having no gear currently selected.

Carbon Emmissions: Thick Black Smoke. Usually caused by the process of combustion being starved of oxygen. Very inefficient combustion. The combustion process is always set up to avoid this condition. Carbon, being a solid will settle on surfaces rather than remaining airborne.

Greenhouse Effect: The desire to walk around in cordoroy trousers and welly boots, talking to plants and having fertilizer under the fingernails. Sufferers from this affliction have a tendency to grow outsize marrows and carrots.

Global Warming: The condition which causes snow to fall in the Saudi Arabian dessert.

Climate Change: Weather.
11

Alternative (High Octane) Fuel Head,

Edinburgh 21/01/2008 11:21:09
#9:

"Carbon neutral means that there is exactly the same quantity of carbon before the process as after."

Oh, you mean that if I get a gallon of petrol, which is a hydrocarbon and contains absolutely no quantity of the element carbon, then mix it with oxygen, which contains no carbon, and cause it to burn, I should get water, which contains no carbon and carbon dioxide which contains no carbon?

So in that case, if my car engine is tuned properly and doesn't produce black smoke, it is carbon neutral?
12

fred bloggs,

Edinburgh 21/01/2008 17:39:57
'Carbon neutral means neutral (meaning zero) total carbon release, brought about by balancing the amount of carbon released with the amount sequestered or offset. Various special interests attempt to promote a use of the term that refers to carbon reduction, which is clearly not neutral. In this more loose sense, it has two common uses:

It can refer to the practice of balancing carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere from burning fossil fuels, with renewable energy that creates a similar amount of useful energy, so that the carbon emissions are compensated, or alternatively using only renewable energies that don't produce any carbon dioxide.
It is also used to describe the practice, criticized by some, of carbon offsetting, by paying others to remove or sequester 100% of the carbon dioxide emitted from the atmosphere – for example by planting trees – or by funding 'carbon projects' that should lead to the prevention of future greenhouse gas emissions, or by buying carbon credits to remove them through carbon trading.
13

Colin, Glasgow,

21/01/2008 19:57:20
"[carbon neutral] can refer to the practice of balancing carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere from burning fossil fuels, with renewable energy that creates a similar amount of useful energy"

Personally I think that is stretching the definition a bit. Carbon neutral usually refers to burning plant-based material to produce energy, and then growing more plants which absorb the carbon (dioxide). That allows the release of energy with no net increase of carbon in the biosphere. In contrast, if you unearth fossil fuel that has been forming over millions of years, this is a net addition of carbon into the biosphere. In theory this could be neutralised by growing plants, but we can't grow plants fast enough to compensate for millions of years worth of fossil fuel being burned in a few decades.
14

Colin, Glasgow,

21/01/2008 20:32:06
As regards lifecycle CO2 emissions from nuclear power, the Sustainable Development Commission has produced a meta-study of numerous reports that analyse the complete lifecycle. This includes fossil fuel used for transport and mining; and fossil fuel used to produce electricity for nuclear fuel enrichment. Essentially this covers all the indirect CO2 emissions from construction, fuelling, operating and decommissioning a nuclear plant, including waste disposal.

The SD Commission concludes that the CO2 emissions from nuclear power are as low as those for renewables.
http://www.sd-commission.org.uk/publications.php?id=337

This is despite the fact that the SD Commission takes a nominally anti-nuclear stance. There is overwhelming agreement that nuclear power is low-carbon, which is why the IPCC endorses it to combat climate change.

Industry sources produce a figure between 2g and 20g of CO2 per kWh for nuclear. The figure that the SD commission settles on is 16g per kWh for an average European reactor. This is similar to the emissions from the lifecycle of a wind farm or hydro plant.

This contrasts with 891 g/kWh for coal and 356g/kWh for gas. (Incidentally, even with carbon capture, these will not drop below 100g per kWh)

Amongst all the reports that concur with this analysis, there is one report that stands as an outlier - a report by Storm van Leeuwen - which claims the emissions for nuclear are higher than renewables and will grow higher in future. This singular report is the one that the SNP has used for the CO2 analysis in its "Scottish Energy Review" (see pdf).
http://www.snp.org/press-releases/2005/snp_press_release.2006-07-10.7072352495/
Basically the Scottish government's energy policy is based on fringe anti-nuclear science. To be honest I really do hope that this was just a "political stunt".
15

John (Again),

Bury St Edmunds 22/01/2008 21:50:45
Reuters reports that France is now an importer of electricity from Germany, some of which will come from wind power. It has in the past exported 60 TWh/year, but is currently importing 4,500 MWh per day. Following the catastrophic reduction in primary uranium production in Canada and Australia, presumably Areva is short of uranium to fuel the "tight" nuclear generation. Perhaps this will finally scupper the ridiculous notion that a 100% imported fuel is secure. France in 2005 imported a third of the world's uranium mining production and half of the US nuclear stations rely on Russian diluted ex-weapons HEU, so it is not just Europe that depends on Russian supplies.

Before the first concrete is laid for a UK reactor containment, more of the lights will have gone out in France which is over-reliant on nuclear and we can relax - nuclear will not happen here.

 

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